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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
immunology and microbiology
Incidence, etiology, and impact of diarrhea among long-term travelers (US military and similar populations): A systematic review
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Volume 74, No. 5, Year 2006
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Description
To determine regional estimates of pathogen-specific prevalence and incidence, as well as, describe morbidity associated with diarrhea among deployed US military and similar populations, a systematic review was conducted for publications between January 1990 to June 2005. Point estimates and confidence intervals of pathogen prevalence and travelers' diarrhea incidence were combined in a random effects model and assessed for heterogeneity. In total, 262 studies were identified for potential inclusion, of which 52 fulfilled inclusion criteria. Overall, 38% were from the Middle East, 29% from Southeast Asia, 27% from Latin America/Caribbean, and 6% from sub-Saharan Africa. Median duration of travel was 1.5 months (interquartile range, 1-3 months). Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), Campylobacter, and Shigella were identified as causing 38-45% of diarrhea, with regional and population differences. Incidence based on self-report was higher than studies using passive surveillance or clinic-based methods (29 versus 7 versus 6 episodes per 100 person-months, respectively) without regional differences. Copyright © 2006 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.
Authors & Co-Authors
Riddle, Mark S.
United States, Bethesda
Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
Sanders, John Walton
United States, Bethesda
Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
United States, Bethesda
Walter Reed National Military Medical Center
Putnam, Shannon D.
United States, Bethesda
Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
United States, Jakarta
U.s. Embassy Jakarta
Tribble, David R.
United States, Bethesda
Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
United States, Silver Spring
Naval Medical Research Center
Statistics
Citations: 154
Authors: 4
Affiliations: 4
Identifiers
Doi:
10.4269/ajtmh.2006.74.891
ISSN:
00029637
Research Areas
Genetics And Genomics
Health System And Policy
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Cohort Study
Study Approach
Systematic review