Skip to content
Home
About Us
Resources
Profiles Metrics
Authors Directory
Institutions Directory
Top Authors
Top Institutions
Top Sponsors
AI Digest
Contact Us
Menu
Home
About Us
Resources
Profiles Metrics
Authors Directory
Institutions Directory
Top Authors
Top Institutions
Top Sponsors
AI Digest
Contact Us
Home
About Us
Resources
Profiles Metrics
Authors Directory
Institutions Directory
Top Authors
Top Institutions
Top Sponsors
AI Digest
Contact Us
Menu
Home
About Us
Resources
Profiles Metrics
Authors Directory
Institutions Directory
Top Authors
Top Institutions
Top Sponsors
AI Digest
Contact Us
Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
Maternal hepatitis B and infant infection among pregnant women living with HIV in South Africa
Journal of the International AIDS Society, Volume 17, Article 18871, Year 2014
Notification
URL copied to clipboard!
Description
Introduction: Globally, hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the leading cause of liver-related mortality. Newborn vaccination, maternal antiviral therapy and administering hepatitis B immune globulin shortly after birth can greatly reduce the risk of perinatal and infant infection. However, evidence-based policy regarding these interventions in Africa is hampered by gaps in knowledge of HBV epidemiology.We describe maternal chronic hepatitis B (CHB) prevalence and infant infection during the first year of life within a cohort of women living with HIV. Methods: We recruited and prospectively followed pregnant women living with HIV and their infants from prenatal clinics in an urban area of South Africa. Hepatitis B surface antigen, anti-hepatitis B surface antibodies and HBV DNA were assessed in all women. Hepatitis B testing was also performed at 6 and 52 weeks for all infants born to mothers with either positive surface antigen or detectable HBV DNA. Results: We enrolled 189 women with a median age of 29 years and median CD4 count of 348 cells/mm3. Fourteen had a positive surface antigen (7.4%), of which six were positive for "e" antigen. An additional three had detectable HBV DNA without positive surface antigen. One infant developed CHB and three others had evidence of transmission based on positive HBV DNA assays. HBV vaccinations were delivered at six weeks of life to all infants. Conclusions: Our findings highlight the risk of peripartum HBV transmission in this setting. Approaches to reducing this transmission should be considered. © 2014 Hoffmann CJ et al; licensee International AIDS Society.
Authors & Co-Authors
Hoffmann, Christopher J.
United States, Baltimore
Johns Hopkins University
Mashabela, Fildah
South Africa, Johannesburg
University of the Witwatersrand
Cohn, Silvia E.
United States, Baltimore
Johns Hopkins University
Hoffmann, Jennifer D.
United States, Baltimore
Johns Hopkins University
Lala, Sanjay Govind
South Africa, Johannesburg
Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital
Martinson, Neil Alexander
United States, Baltimore
Johns Hopkins University
South Africa, Johannesburg
University of the Witwatersrand
Chaisson, Richard E.
United States, Baltimore
Johns Hopkins University
Statistics
Citations: 33
Authors: 7
Affiliations: 3
Identifiers
Doi:
10.7448/IAS.17.1.18871
e-ISSN:
17582652
Research Areas
Genetics And Genomics
Health System And Policy
Infectious Diseases
Maternal And Child Health
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Cohort Study
Study Locations
South Africa
Participants Gender
Female