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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
Influenza epidemiology and characterization of influenza viruses in patients seeking treatment for acute fever in Cambodia
Epidemiology and Infection, Volume 138, No. 2, Year 2010
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Description
The epidemiology, symptomology, and viral aetiology of endemic influenza remain largely uncharacterized in Cambodia. In December 2006, we established passive hospital-based surveillance to identify the causes of acute undifferentiated fever in patients seeking healthcare. Fever was defined as tympanic membrane temperature >38C. From December 2006 to December 2008, 4233 patients were screened for influenza virus by real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR). Of these patients, 1151 (272%) were positive for influenza. Cough (688% vs. 505%, P<00001) and sore throat (550% vs. 419%, P<00001) were more often associated with laboratory-confirmed influenza-infected patients compared to influenza-negative enrollees. A clear influenza season was evident between July and December with a peak during the rainy season. Influenza A and B viruses were identified in 768 (663%) and 388 (337%) of the influenza-positive population (n=1153), respectively. In December 2008, passive surveillance identified infection of the avian influenza virus H5N1 in a 19-year-old farmer from Kandal province who subsequently recovered. From a subset of diagnostic samples submitted in 2007, 15 A(H1N1), seven A(H3N2) and seven B viruses were isolated. The predominant subtype tested was influenza A(H1N1), with the majority antigenically related to the A/Solomon Island/03/2006 vaccine strain. The influenza A(H3N2) isolates and influenza B viruses analysed were closely related to A/Brisbane/10/2007 or B/Ohio/01/2005 (B/Victoria/2/87-lineage) vaccine strains, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis of the HA1 region of the HA gene of influenza A(H1N1) viruses demonstrated that the Cambodian isolates belonged to clade 2C along with representative H1N1 viruses circulating in SE Asia at the time. These viruses remained sensitive to oseltamivir. In total, our data suggest that viral influenza infections contribute to nearly one-fifth of acute febrile illnesses and demonstrate the importance of influenza surveillance in Cambodia. © 2009 Cambridge University Press.
Authors & Co-Authors
Blair, Patrick J.
Indonesia, Jakarta
U.s. Naval Medical Research Unit No. 2, Jakarta
Wierzba, Thomas F.
Cambodia, Phnom Penh
Us Naval Medical Research Unit No. 2 Namru-2
Touch, Sok
Cambodia, Phnom Penh
Cambodia Ministry of Health
Saphonn, Vonthanak
Cambodia, Phnom Penh
Cambodia Ministry of Health
Xu, Xiyan
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Garten, Rebecca J.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Okomo, M.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Klimov, Alexander I.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Kasper, Matthew R.
Indonesia, Jakarta
U.s. Naval Medical Research Unit No. 2, Jakarta
Putnam, Shannon D.
Indonesia, Jakarta
U.s. Naval Medical Research Unit No. 2, Jakarta
Statistics
Citations: 39
Authors: 10
Affiliations: 4
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1017/S095026880999063X
ISSN:
14694409
Research Areas
Genetics And Genomics
Health System And Policy
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study