Epidemiology of human parvovirus 4 infection in sub-Saharan Africa
Emerging Infectious Diseases, Volume 16, No. 10, Year 2010
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Human parvovirus 4 infections are primarily associated with parenteral exposure in western countries. By ELISA, we demonstrate frequent seropositivity for antibody to par- vovirus 4 viral protein 2 among adult populations throughout sub-Saharan Africa (Burkina Faso, 37%; Cameroon, 25%; Democratic Republic of the Congo, 35%; South Africa, 20%), which implies existence of alternative transmission routes.