Predictors of Induction of Labor and Success Rate Among Mothers Giving Birth at Jimma University Medical Centre South West Ethiopia: Unmatched Case Control Study

BACKGROUND: Induction of labor is defined as the process of artificially stimulating the uterus to start labor. Despite the unquestionable reputation of labor induction for ending pregnancies, there is a risk to the mother and/or the fetus. Studies from developed and developing countries report increased labor induction rates with additional cases of cesarean section (CS) and fetal distress. OBJECTIVE: The main aim of this study is to assess predictors of induction of labor and the success rate among mothers giving birth at Jimma University Medical Centre Southwest Ethiopia. METHODS: A facility based unmatched case control quantitative study design was done among 694 (cases = 347 plus controls is 347) mothers. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select both cases and controls from the registration delivery log book. A standard document review checklist was used to collect data. Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis was done to identify predictors of the outcome of the variable. RESULTS: The study findings revealed that the success rate of induction of labor in this study was 73.8%. Mothers with stillbirth history were three times more likely to be induced compared with mothers without stillbirth history. Mothers with abortion history were seven times more likely to be induced than mothers without an abortion history. Mothers with a gestational age of =42 weeks were 17 times more likely to be induced than mothers with a gestational age of 38-41 weeks. Mothers who had no antenatal care follow-up were seven times more likely to be induced than mothers who had antenatal care follow-up. CONCLUSION: Maternal age, gestational age, history of abortion, and history of stillbirth were significant predictors of induction of labor which was claimed to increase the rate of uterine rupture, CS and admission to a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).