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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
chemistry
High compliance randomized controlled field trial of solar disinfection of drinking water and its impact on childhood diarrhea in rural Cambodia
Environmental Science and Technology, Volume 45, No. 18, Year 2011
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Description
Recent solar disinfection (SODIS) studies in Bolivia and South Africa have reported compliance rates below 35% resulting in no overall statistically significant benefit associated with disease rates. In this study, we report the results of a 1 year randomized controlled trial investigating the effect of SODIS of drinking water on the incidence of dysentery and nondysentery diarrhea among children of age 6 months to 5 years living in rural communities in Cambodia. We compared 426 children in 375 households using SODIS with 502 children in 407 households with no intervention. Study compliance was greater than 90% with only 5% of children having less than 10 months of follow-up and 2.3% having less than 6 months. Adjusted for water source type, children in the SODIS group had a reduced incidence of dysentery, with an incidence rate ratio (IRR) of 0.50 (95% CI 0.27-0.93, p = 0.029). SODIS also had a protective effect against nondysentery diarrhea, with an IRR of 0.37 (95% CI 0.29-0.48, p < 0.001). This study suggests strongly that SODIS is an effective and culturally acceptable point-of-use water treatment method in the culture of rural Cambodia and may be of benefit among similar communities in neighboring South East Asian countries. © 2011 American Chemical Society.
Authors & Co-Authors
McGuigan, Kevin G.
Ireland, Dublin
Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland
Samaiyar, Priyajit
Cambodia, Phnom Penh
Programs for Care International in Cambodia
Du Preez, Martella
South Africa, Pretoria
The Council for Scientific and Industrial Research
Conroy, Ronán M.
Ireland, Dublin
Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland
Statistics
Citations: 71
Authors: 4
Affiliations: 3
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1021/es201313x
ISSN:
0013936X
e-ISSN:
15205851
Research Areas
Environmental
Maternal And Child Health
Study Design
Randomised Control Trial
Cohort Study
Study Approach
Quantitative
Study Locations
South Africa