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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
biochemistry, genetics and molecular biology
A Phase I trial to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of WRSs2 and WRSs3; two live oral candidate vaccines against Shigella sonnei
Vaccine, Volume 36, No. 32, Year 2018
Notification
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Description
Effective vaccines are needed to combat diarrheal diseases due to Shigella. Two live oral S. sonnei vaccine candidates, WRSs2 and WRSs3, attenuated principally by the lack of spreading ability, as well as the loss of enterotoxin and acyl transferase genes, were tested for safety and immunogenicity. Healthy adults 18–45 years of age, assigned to 5 cohorts of 18 subjects each (WRSs2 (n = 8), WRSs3 (n = 8) or placebo (n = 2)) were housed in an inpatient facility and administered a single oral dose of study agent 5 min after ingestion of oral bicarbonate. Ascending dosages of vaccine (from 103 CFU to 107 CFU) were evaluated. On day 8, treatment with ciprofloxacin (500 mg BID for 3 days) was initiated and subjects were discharged home 2 days after completing antibiotics. Subjects returned for outpatient visits on day 14, 28 and 56 post-vaccination for monitoring and collection of stool and blood samples. Both WRSs2 and WRSs3 were generally well tolerated and safe over the entire dose range. Among the 80 vaccinees, 11 subjects developed diarrhea, 8 of which were mild and did not affect daily activities. At the 107 CFU dose, moderate diarrhea occurred in one WRSs2 subject while at the same dose of WRSs3, 2 subjects had moderate or severe diarrhea. Vaccinees mounted dose-dependent mucosal and systemic immune responses that appeared to correlate with fecal shedding. S. sonnei vaccine candidates WRSs2 and WRSs3 are safe and immunogenic over a wide dose range. Future steps will be to select the most promising candidate and move to human challenge models for efficacy of the vaccine. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd
Authors & Co-Authors
Frenck, Robert W.
United States, Cincinnati
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
Baqar, Shahida
United States, Bethesda
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Niaid
McNeal, Monica Malone
United States, Cincinnati
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
El-Khorazaty, Jill Ann
United States, Rockville
The Emmes Corporation
Suvarnapunya, Akamol Eddie
United States, Silver Spring
Walter Reed Army Institute of Research
Kaminski, Robert W.
United States, Silver Spring
Walter Reed Army Institute of Research
Venkatesan, Malabi M.
United States, Silver Spring
Walter Reed Army Institute of Research
Statistics
Citations: 21
Authors: 7
Affiliations: 4
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.06.063
ISSN:
0264410X
Research Areas
Health System And Policy
Infectious Diseases
Study Design
Cohort Study