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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
immunology and microbiology
High prevalence of hepatitis E antibodies in pregnant Egyptian women
Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Volume 100, No. 2, Year 2006
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Description
The epidemiology of hepatitis E virus (HEV), an enterically-transmitted cause of acute viral hepatitis (AVH), is not fully understood. During outbreaks on the Indian subcontinent and elsewhere, HEV causes severe AVH with mortality rates around 20% during pregnancy. In Egypt, where prevalence of HEV antibodies (anti-HEV) in rural communities is very high, severe HEV-caused AVH in pregnant women has not been reported. This study examined a cohort of 2428 pregnant women in the Nile Delta to assess prevalence of, and risk factors for, anti-HEV and correlated these with history of liver disease. Anti-HEV prevalence was 84.3%. Several risk factors associated with anti-HEV included older age, many siblings, not using soap to wash produce and frequent contact with cats. History of jaundice and liver disease was rare and not increased in those having anti-HEV. Our results confirm Egypt's high HEV endemicity and show that almost all women of childbearing age in these communities had prior HEV exposures without a history of liver disease. Reasons for the lack of clinical hepatitis remain unclear but could be the result of early childhood HEV exposures, producing long-lasting immunity and/or modify subsequent responses to exposure. Alternatively, the predominant HEV strain(s) in Egypt are less virulent than those in South Asia. © 2005 Royal Society of Tropical Medicine Hygiene. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Authors & Co-Authors
Stoszek, Sonia Karolina
United States, Baltimore
University of Maryland, Baltimore Umb
Abdel-Hamid, Mohamed A.
United States, Baltimore
University of Maryland, Baltimore Umb
Egypt, Cairo
National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research Institute
Saleh, Doa'a A.
Egypt, Shibin el Kom
Menoufia University
A El-Kafrawy, Sherif Aly
Egypt, Cairo
National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research Institute
Egypt, Shibin el Kom
Menoufia University
Narooz, Shaker I.
Egypt, Cairo
National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research Institute
Hawash, Y. A.
Egypt, Shibin el Kom
Menoufia University
Shebl, Fatma Mohamed
United States, Baltimore
University of Maryland, Baltimore Umb
Egypt, Shibin el Kom
Menoufia University
El-Daly, Maï Mohamed
Egypt, Cairo
National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research Institute
Egypt, Shibin el Kom
Menoufia University
Said, Ahmed
Egypt, Shibin el Kom
Menoufia University
Kassem, Enas
Egypt, Shibin el Kom
Menoufia University
NNH Mikhail, Nabiel N.H.
Egypt, Cairo
National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research Institute
Engle, Ronald E.
United States, Bethesda
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Niaid
Sayed, Mohamed
Egypt, Shibin el Kom
Menoufia University
Sharaf, Soraya A.
Egypt, Shibin el Kom
Menoufia University
Fix, Alan D.
United States, Bethesda
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Niaid
Emerson, Suzanne U.
United States, Bethesda
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Niaid
Purcell, Robert H.
United States, Bethesda
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Niaid
Strickland, George Thomas
United States, Baltimore
University of Maryland, Baltimore Umb
Statistics
Citations: 171
Authors: 18
Affiliations: 4
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1016/j.trstmh.2004.12.005
ISSN:
00359203
Research Areas
Health System And Policy
Infectious Diseases
Maternal And Child Health
Sexual And Reproductive Health
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Cohort Study
Study Locations
Egypt
Participants Gender
Female